Pterygotus

Teh-ry-go-tus.
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Emily Green

Paleobotanist

Emily Green brings the ancient world of plants to life through her insightful research and engaging writing. Her expertise lies in examining how prehistoric vegetation influenced climate patterns and animal evolution.

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Name

Pterygotus (finned one or wing animal).

Phonetic

Teh-ry-go-tus.

Named By

Louis Agassiz

Classification

Arthropoda, Merostomata, Eurypterida, Pterygotioidea, Pterygotidae.

Diet

Carnivore.

Species

P. anglicus

Size

Body of large individuals up to 1.75 meters long, though there is considerable variation between species.

Known locations

Mostly Silurian deposits in Europe, especially the British Isles and Devonian deposits in North America. Some specimens have also been recovered from other parts of the world that have marine deposits dating back to these time periods.

Time Period

Silurian to mid Devonian.

Fossil representation

Several specimens known.

In Depth

       As the second largest known eurypterid, Pterygotus remains have been recovered from the world over suggesting that it was a highly successful predator. Pterygotus had four compound eyes with two smaller ones on top of the head and two larger ones at the front. This would have given Pterygotus exceptionally good vision for its time with a potentially good degree of depth perception as can be seen in jumping spiders today.

       Pterygotus could use its paddle like appendages for swimming but could also move its tail for propulsion, perhaps to provide an extra burst of speed when attacking prey. It probably would have focused its attention on other arthropods such as trilobites which would have been very common at the time.

       Numerous species have been attributed to Pterygotus, but some have been questioned. The above species mentioned are generally accepted, but may not feature all.

Further Reading

– Merostomata. Part P Arthropoda 2, Chelicerata. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. pp. 30–31. – Leif Stromer – 1955. – Pterygotus anglicus Agassiz (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from Atholville, Lower Devonian Campbellton Formation, New Brunswick, Canada. – Palaeontology 50 (4): 981–999. – Randall F. Miller – 2007. – All the better to see you with: eyes and claws reveal the evolution of divergent ecological roles in giant pterygotid eurypterids”. Biology Letters. 11 (8). – Victoria E. McCoy, James C. Lamsdell, Markus Poschmann, Ross P. Anderson & Derek E. G. Briggs – 2015.

SPECIES SPOTLIGHT